Upper epidermal (ue), palisade (p), spongy mesophyll (sm) and lower epidermal (le) labels and scale bar apply to all images. Light micrographs of upslope (above) and downslope (below) sugar (LHS) and red (RHS) maple leaf cross-sections. Mean leaf adaxial surface disruption for duplicate sugar maple (SM) and red maple (RM) trees sampled at upslope (U) and downslope (D) positions. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully.Foliar elemental concentrations in dry weight (DWT) sugar maple (SM) and red maple (RM) leaves sampled at upslope (U) and downslope (D) positions. Copper penetrates the leaf surface and prevents germination of spores so the fungus cannot spread. Reapply as directed on the product label. Spray a copper-based fungicidal soap on the leaves, coating the top and bottom leaf surfaces. Repeat every two weeks until existing spots stop enlarging and new spots no longer appear. Using a spray bottle, spray on tops and bottoms of leaves until the mixture drips off. Dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda and one teaspoon of liquid soap in a gallon of water. Organic options won’t kill the fungus, but will prevent it from spreading. It is recommended to start by applying organic treatment options, working up to the more potent synthetic, chemical fungicides if necessary. However, if much of the foliage is affected and defoliation occurs, the plant will benefit from getting rid of the infection. Solutions: In minor cases of brown spot, there isn’t any need to treat the disease. Use chemical control: Regular doses of a fungicide, especially in the spring, can stop an outbreak before it begins.Follow spacing guidelines when planting and avoid natural windbreaks for good air circulation.Grow plants in an open, sunny locations so the foliage dries quickly.Adding a layer of mulch to the soil will also reduce splashing. Control these factors by only watering infected plants when the top few inches of soil are dry, and by watering at soil level to reduce splashback. Water carefully: Fungal diseases spread when plants stay in moist conditions and when water droplets splash contaminated soil on plant leaves.Rake and discard fallen leaves in the fall.Remove infected plant debris: Fungi can overwinter in contaminated plant debris, so remove all fallen leaves from infected plants as soon as possible.Purchase resistant varieties: Invest in fungus-resistant plant varieties to reduce the chances for black spot diseases.Here are a few tips to prevent black spot outbreaks. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully. Diseased or damaged stems should be cut right at the soil line and removed completely. Finally, you may prefer to just trim off dead or damaged portions of the plant to keep it looking its best as if it's possible. Branches that require a saw need to be pruned using the "three-cut method", which prevents the bark of the branch from tearing and creating cracks in the trunk, which can be detrimental to the recovery of the plant. Pruning Saw is required if the branch is more than three quarters of an inch in size, pruning should be done in the direction of the "Branch bark ridge" to the "Branch collar" to allow for good healing. Branches that are too angled or too small should be removed. When pruning branches you need to leave the strong ones and remove the weak ones, keeping healthy auxiliary branches that grow outwards at about 45 degrees. This will increase ventilation and light, reduce disease infection and allow Sugar maple to grow more vigorously. Leaving these intact will allow the tree to have a more natural and open form. Ideally, you should steer clear from pruning any of the tree’s lower limbs. Keep an eye out for any shoots that are becoming congested or are beginning to cross and remove them. This is the period when pruning causes the least damage to the plant. The best time to prune Sugar maple is between late winter to early spring.
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